Dance Research Bibliography
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| Authors (note special characters and titles) | Title | Year | Journal | Volume Number | Issue Number | Page Numbers | DOI (if one) | Publisher | Database | Open Access? | Keywords | Abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scharoun, S. M., Reinders, N. J., Bryden, P. J., Fletcher, P. C. | Dance/Movement Therapy as an Intervention for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders | 2.014 | American Journal of Dance Therapy | 36 | 2 | 209-228 | 10.1007/s10465-014-9179-0 | Springer US | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10465-014-9179-0 | Yes | Autism Spectrum Disorder, Children, Dance/movement therapy | Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is one of the most common forms of developmental disabilities of childhood, rooted in atypical language and social development, in conjunction with repetitive and patterned behaviors. It is also suggested that gross and fine motor impairments are a core feature of ASD, are more prevalent in comparison to the general population, and may be further exaggerated due to reduced participation in physical activity. As awareness for ASD has increased, so have the number of therapeutic approaches; however, no single intervention has proven beneficial in alleviating the cardinal symptoms of ASD. Therefore the most effective treatment or combination of treatments remains inconclusive. Creative movement and dance is a practical and feasible option for children with ASD. However, there exists a dearth of literature evaluating dance/movement therapy (DMT) for children with ASD, despite providing both physical and psychological benefits for children with ASD. This article aims to perform a narrative review of the literature. |
| Krishnan, S., Tokar, T.N., Boylan, M.M., Griffin, K., Feng, D., Mcmurry, L., Esperat, C., Cooper, J.A. | Zumba® Dance Improves Health in Overweight/Obese or Type 2 Diabetic Women | 2.015 | American Journal of Health Behavior | 39 | 1 | 109-120 | 10.5993/AJHB.39.1.12 | PNG Publications | No | Physical Fitness, Exercise, Diabetes, Neurological, QOL | Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and health improvements from a Zumba® intervention in overweight/obese women. Methods: Twenty-eight (14 type 2 diabetic and 14 non-diabetic) over-weight/obese women (BMI: 37.3±1.5 kg/m2) 50.8±1.8 y of age, completed a 16-week intervention attending Zumba® dance classes 3 days/week, 60 minutes/class. We measured aerobic fitness, body weight, body fat %, and motivation to exercise before and after the study. Results: Intrinsic motivation to exercise (p < .05) and aerobic fitness (1.01 ± 0.40 mL/kg/min, p < .05) improved, and the participants lost body weight (-1.05 ± 0.55kg, p < .05) and body fat% (-1.2 ± 0.6%, p < .01). Conclusion: The Zumba® intervention improved health and physical fitness in women. | |
| Listewnik, B., & Ossowski, Z.M. | The Influence of Dance on Selected Risk Factors of Falls in Parkinson’s Disease Patients – A Pilot Study | 2.018 | Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity | 10 | 1 | 38-45 | 10.29359/BJHPA.10.1.04 | Sciendo | http://bjhpa.journalstube.com/view/abstract/id/12035 | Yes | Parkinson’s disease, tango, body balance, functional mobility, endurance | Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients may develop several motion control disorders leading to deterioration in body balance and general mobility, which in turn increases the risk of falls. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of therapeutic dancing classes on functional mobility, gait, body balance and endurance in Parkinson’s disease patients.Material/Methods: The study was conducted on a group of 10 participants (aged 69.9 ±6.47) suffering from PD. Testing was applied twice: at the beginning of the study and after 12 weeks of dancebased intervention training. Tests used for the purpose of the study included: Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (parts 1 and 2), timed up-and-go test and 6 min walk test. Results: The study results indicate that therapeutic dancing classes significantly increased body balance (p = 0.002), gait (p = 0.047), functional mobility (p = 0.005) and endurance (p = 0.002) in PD patients.Conclusions: The acquired results can be instrumental in devising future therapeutic programs aiming at prevention of falls in PD sufferers. |
| Samaritter. R, & Payne, H. | Through the Kinesthetic Lens: Observation of Social Attunement in Autism Spectrum Disorders | 2.017 | Behavioral Sciences | 7 | 1 | 1-14 | 10.3390/bs7010014 | MDPI Publishing | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/7/1/14 | Yes | Autism Spectrum Disorder, Social Attunement, Movement Observation, Dance Movement Therapy | This paper will present a movement-informed perspective to social attunement in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Background: Dance movement therapy (DMT) is a psychotherapeutic intervention that is used with participants with ASD in various settings. Regular clinical outcome monitoring in an outpatient setting in the Netherlands had shown positive effects on social attunement capacities in young people with ASD. However, a systematic study of the development of social attunement movement behaviors of participants with ASD throughout a DMT intervention was not yet available. Methods: A series of individual cases of DMT with young people with ASD (mean age 12.2 years.) were analyzed for changes in interpersonal movement behaviors employing video-based retrospective observation. Results: The findings were summarized in an observation scale for interpersonal movement behaviors. This scale was then tested for its applicability for the monitoring of social attunement behaviors throughout therapy. Discussion: A movement-informed perspective may be helpful to inventory changes in social attunement behaviors in participants with ASD. The relevance of a movement-informed perspective for the concept of social attunement in ASD will be discussed. |
| Kaholokula, J.K., Look, M.A., Wills, T.A. et al. | Kā-HOLO Project: A Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Native Cultural Dance Program for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Native Hawaiians | 2.017 | BMC Public Health | 17 | 321 | 2-12 | 10.1186/s12889-017-4246-3 | BioMed Central (Creative Commons Attribution License) | https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4246-3 | Yes | Hypertension, Cardiovascular Disease, Cerebrovascular Disease, Native Hawaiians, Randomized Controlled Trial | Background: As a major risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CVD), hypertension affects 33% of U.S. adults. Relative to other US races and ethnicities, Native Hawaiians have a high prevalence of hypertension and are 3 to 4 times more likely to have CVD. Effective, culturally-relevant interventions are needed to address CVD risk in this population. Investigators of the Kā-HOLO Project developed a study design to test the efficacy of an intervention that uses hula, a traditional Hawaiian dance, to increase physical activity and reduce CVD risk. Methods: A 2-arm randomized controlled trial with a wait-list control design will be implemented to test a 6-month intervention based on hula to manage blood pressure and reduce CVD risk in 250 adult Native Hawaiians with diagnosed hypertension. Half of the sample will be randomized to each arm, stratified across multiple study sites. Primary outcomes are reduction in systolic blood pressure and improvement in CVD risk as measured by the Framingham Risk Score. Other psychosocial and sociocultural measures will be included to determine mediators of intervention effects on primary outcomes. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months for all participants, and at 12 months for intervention participants only. Discussion: This trial will elucidate the efficacy of a novel hypertension management program designed to reduce CVD risk in an indigenous population by using a cultural dance form as its physical activity component. The results of this culturally-based intervention will have implications for other indigenous populations globally and will offer a sustainable, culturally-relevant means of addressing CVD disparities. |
| Merom, D., Cumming, R., Mathieu, E. et al. | Can Social Dancing Prevent Falls in Older Adults? A Protocol of the Dance, Aging, Cognition, Economics (DAnCE) Fall Prevention Randomised Controlled Trial | 2.013 | BMC Public Health | 13 | 477 | 1-9 | 10.1186/1471-2458-13-477 | BIO Med Central | https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-13-477#citeas | Yes | Fall Prevention, Balance Training, Short Physical Performance Battery, Fall Risk Factor, Dance Class | Background: Falls are one of the most common health problems among older people and pose a major economic burden on health care systems. Exercise is an accepted stand-alone fall prevention strategy particularly if it is balance training or regular participation in Tai chi. Dance shares the ‘holistic’ approach of practices such as Tai chi. It is a complex sensorimotor rhythmic activity integrating multiple physical, cognitive and social elements. Small-scale randomised controlled trials have indicated that diverse dance styles can improve measures of balance and mobility in older people, but none of these studies has examined the effect of dance on falls or cognition. This study aims to determine whether participation in social dancing: i) reduces the number of falls; and ii) improves cognitive functions associated with fall risk in older people. Methods/design: A single-blind, cluster randomised controlled trial of 12 months duration will be conducted. Approximately 450 participants will be recruited from 24 self-care retirement villages that house at least 60 residents each in Sydney, Australia. Village residents without cognitive impairment and obtain medical clearance will be eligible. After comprehensive baseline measurements including physiological and cognitive tests and self-completed questionnaires, villages will be randomised to intervention sites (ballroom or folk dance) or to a wait-listed control using a computer randomisation method that minimises imbalances between villages based on two baseline fall risk measures. Main outcome measures are falls, prospectively measured, and the Trail Making cognitive function test. Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses will be performed. Discussion: This study offers a novel approach to balance training for older people. As a community-based approach to fall prevention, dance offers older people an opportunity for greater social engagement, thereby making a major contribution to healthy ageing. Providing diversity in exercise programs targeting seniors recognises the heterogeneity of multicultural populations and may further increase the number of taking part in exercise. |
| Nathan, L.F. | All Students are Artists | 2.012 | Educational Leadership | 69 | 5 | 48-51 | N/A | Association for Supervision & Curriculum Development | https://www.ascd.org/el/articles/all-students-are-artists | Yes | Dance, Arts, Education, Focus, Attention | The arts teach students persistence, empathy, teamwork -- and much more. As co-headmaster of Boston Arts Academy, the author tells the stories of two students whose passion and talent in the arts helped them become more successful in academic subjects. Boston Arts Academy accepts students on the basis of auditions, regardless of their previous academic or discipline records. Yet a large majority of its students go on to two-year and four-year colleges and universities. Nathan explains how the school's focus on the arts enables it to foster individual students' strengths and interests. But the arts, she writes, are not just important for such artistic students—they must be part of the core curriculum for all students if we want to produce active, engaged, 21st century learners. |
| Rodrigues-Krause, J., Farinha, J. B., Ramis, T. R., Macedo, R., Boeno, F. P., Dos Santos, G. C., Vargas, J., Jr, Lopez, P., Grazioli, R., Costa, R. R., Pinto, R. S., Krause, M., & Reischak-Oliveira, A. | Effects of Dancing Compared to Walking on Cardiovascular Risk and Functional Capacity of Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial | 2.018 | Experimental Gerontology | 114 | N/A | 67-77 | 10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.015 | Elsevier | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S053155651830439X?via%3Dihub | No | Aerobic Exercise; Cardiorespiratory Fitness; Cardiovascular Risk; Dance; Functional Capacity | Introduction: Aging is characterized by reductions in lean mass simultaneously to increases in visceral adipose tissue, elevating cardiovascular risk (CVR) and physical dependence. Dancing has been recommended for improving fall-risk and CVR, however, comparisons with traditional exercises are limited. This study aimed to compare the effects of dancing with walking on CVR and functionality of older women. Methods: Thirty sedentary women (65 ± 5 years, BMI 27 ± 4 kg/m2) were randomized into three groups (n = 10/group): dancing, walking or stretching (active control). All interventions lasted 8 weeks (60 min sessions): dancing/walking 3×/week, stretching 1×/week. Dancing: several styles, no partner. Walking: treadmill, 60% peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). Stretching: large muscle groups, no discomfort. Before and after interventions assessments: VO2peak (primary outcome), total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, glucose, insulin, CRP, TNF-α, waist and hip circumferences, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), muscle thickness, maximal muscle strength/power, static and dynamic balance, gait ability, flexibility, chair-raise and level of physical activity (PA). Statistics: generalized estimating equations, post-hoc LSD (p < 0.05), SPSS 22.0. Results: (Mean-CI): (before vs after): group vs time interaction showed increases in VO2peak (mL·kg-1·min-1) for dancing 23.3 (20.8-25.8) vs 25.6 (23.4-27.8), and walking 23.4 (21.3-25.5) vs 27.0 (25.4-28.6), with no differences for stretching 23.5 (21.3-25.7) vs 23.0 (21.0-24.9). Lower body muscle power and static balance also improved for dancing and walking, but not for stretching. Main time effect showed improvements in CRP, TNF-α, LDL-C, HDL-C, VAT, waist, hip, chair raise, flexibility and level of daily PA for all groups. Conclusion: Dancing induced similar increases in VO2peak, lower body muscle power and static balance as walking, while the stretching group remained unchanged. Pooled effects showed improvements in body composition, lipid and inflammatory profile, which are supported by increased PA levels. |
| Pacheco, E., Hoyos, D. P., Watts, W. J., Lema, L., & Arango, C. M. | Feasibility Study: Colombian Caribbean Folk Dances to Increase Physical Fitness and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Women | 2.016 | Journal of Aging and Physical Activity | 24 | 2 | 284-289 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2015-0012 | Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc. | https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/japa/24/2/article-p284.xml | No | Latin America, Pilot Study, Older Adults, Dance, QOL | The objectives of the study were to describe the feasibility of an intervention in older women based on folk dances of the Colombian Caribbean region, and to analyze the effects of the intervention on physical fitness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). A pilot study was conducted in a sample of 27 participants, 15 in the intervention group (IG) and 12 in the comparison group (CG). Caribbean Colombian dance rhythms were introduced as an intervention that lasted 12 weeks. Recruitment and retention was not optimal. Treatment fidelity components indicated that intervention was administered as intended. IG participants showed positive and statistically significant changes in some components of physical fitness. No significant changes were observed in HRQoL indicators for either group. In conclusion, the intervention was feasible, but recruitment and retention was challenging. Folk dances of the Colombian Caribbean region provoked significant results in physical fitness but not in HRQoL. |
| Nordin-Bates, S. M., ; Raedeke, T.D., Madigan, D. J. | Perfectionism, Burnout, and Motivation in Dance: A Replication and Test of the 2×2 Model of Perfectionism | 2.017 | Journal of Dance Medicine & Science | 21 | 3 | 115-122 | https://doi.org/10.12678/1089-313X.21.3.115 | J. Michael Ryan Publishing, Inc. | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmrp/jdms/2017/00000021/00000003/art00005# | Yes | Dance, Burnout, Perfectionism, Motivation | The relationships between multidimensional perfectionism, burnout, and motivation were examined. In so doing, this study aimed to replicate and extend the study by Cumming and Duda (2012). Ninety-one ballet dancers completed questionnaires assessing the target constructs. Using cluster analysis, four profiles emerged that replicated Cumming and Duda's findings and generally supported Gaudrau and Thompson's 2x2 model of perfectionism. As such, these profiles represented pure personal standards perfectionism, mixed perfectionism, pure evaluative concerns perfectionism, and non-perfectionism. Extending previous literature, the four profiles were then compared on a range of burnout symptoms and motivational regulations. It was found that the four clusters differed significantly on these constructs, in a manner partly supportive of the hypotheses associated with the 2x2 model of perfectionism. In particular, our results reflect and extend those of Cumming and Duda, in that mixed perfectionism and pure evaluative concerns perfectionism did not differ on any of the measures. Thus, the higher personal standards of dancers exhibiting mixed perfectionism did not appear to be associated with better functioning than that experienced by dancers with pure evaluative concerns perfectionism. Altogether, the study extends our current understanding of perfectionism in dance and its potential effects, including those on burnout and motivation. |
| Ramkumar, P. N., Farber, J., Arnouk, J., Varner, K. E., & Mcculloch, P. C. | Injuries in a Professional Ballet Dance Company A 10-year Retrospective Study | 2.016 | Journal of Dance Medicine & Science | 20 | 1 | 30-37 | http://dx.doi.org/10.12678/1089-313X.20.1.30 | J. Michael Ryan Publishing, Inc. | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmrp/jdms/2016/00000020/00000001/art00004 | Yes | Dance, Injury, Turnover | Ballet dancers are high-performance athletes who are particularly susceptible to a wide variety of musculoskeletal injuries. However, they are relatively understudied, and data on their injury rates are lacking. This retrospective study features the largest aggregate data on professional ballet dancers to date and aims to identify the most common diagnoses and areas of injury in this unique population to better direct preventative and clinical practices. The study encompassed a 10-year period from January 2000 to December 2010 of dancers from a single company. Data regarding the dancers’ age, gender, location of injury, and diagnosis were collected from workers’ compensation claims, company records, and medical records maintained by the treating doctors. These were analyzed to determine metrics on injury incidence, frequency, and diagnosis. Over the 10-year span, 574 injuries occurred. There were approximately 52 dancers per year for a total of 153 who danced at least one complete season during the study period. The average age was 27, and 53% were female. Given turnover with retirement and replacements, the total number of dancer-years was 520, indicating an injury incidence per annum of 1.10 (574 injuries per 520 dancer-years). The most common locations of injury were foot and ankle and the lumbar spine, with the three most common diagnoses making up greater than a third (37%) of the total. As the current largest study in professional ballet, the findings set the benchmark metrics for musculoskeletal injury to the foot, ankle, and lumbar spine sites. Future studies should aim to identify injury risk factors and modalities for prevention of these injuries. |
| Shah, S., Weiss, D. S., & Burchette, R. J. | Injuries in Professional Modern Dancers Incidence, Risk Factors, and Management | 2.012 | Journal of Dance Medicine & Science | 16 | 1 | 17-25 | N/A | J. Michael Ryan Publishing | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmrp/jdms/2012/00000016/00000001/art00003?crawler=true | Yes | Dance, Injury, Risk Factor | Modern (or contemporary) dance has become increasingly popular, yet little has been reported with respect to modern dance injuries and their consequences. The purpose of this study is to define the incidence, risk factors, and management of musculoskeletal injuries in professional modern dancers. A total of 184 dancers in the United States completed an anonymous 17-page questionnaire on their injuries, including extensive details regarding the two most severe injuries that had occurred in the prior 12 months. According to their self-reports, a total of 82% of the dancers had suffered between one and seven injuries. The foot and ankle (40%) was the most common site of injury, followed by the lower back (17%) and the knee (16%). The rate of injuries was 0.59 per 1,000 hours of class and rehearsal. Injured male dancers returned to full dancing after a median of 21 days, while females returned after a median of 18 days. Most dancers missed no performances due to injury. Of the medical consultations sought by dancers for their injuries, 47% were made to physicians, 41% to physical therapists, and 34% to chiropractors. The majority of dancers adhered to the advice given them by consultants (87% of males and 78% of females for the most severe injury). While the majority of injuries were considered work-related (61% of the most severe injury and 69% of the second most severe), few were covered by Workers’ Compensation insurance (12% and 5% respectively). These professional modern dancers suffer from a rate of injury similar to other groups of professional dancers. Most dancers return to a partial level of dancing several weeks before attempting full-capacity dancing |
| Ahearn, E. L., Greene, A., & Lasner, A. | Some Effects of Supplemental Pilates Training on the Posture, Strength, and Flexibility of Dancers 17 to 22 Years of Age | 2.018 | Journal of Dance Medicine and Science | 22 | 4 | 192-202 | https://doi.org/10.12678/1089-313X.22.4.192 | J. Michael Ryan Publishing, Inc. | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmrp/jdms/2018/00000022/00000004/art00003 | Yes | Pilates, Alignment, Posture, Felxibility, Strength, Dance | Proper alignment in dancers is a pre-requisite for achieving aesthetic line and form and for efficient execution of movement. Pelvic alignment is a common deficit in dancers that results in faulty technique and impaired performance. Dancers must be able to obtain their personal neutral alignment to avoid injury and achieve ease of execution. This study was designed to examine the effects, qualitatively and quantitatively, of Pilates training on pelvic alignment, strength, and flexibility in dancers. Twenty female dancers, 17 to 22 years of age, participated in a screening that consisted of an AlignaBod posture screen, upper abdominal manual muscle test, double leg lower test, straight leg raise test, and modified Thomas test. Participants were screened, engaged in dance classes for 14 weeks without Pilates, and screened a second time. They then attended a 2-hour pelvic alignment workshop followed by two weekly Pilates classes, one mat and one apparatus, for 14 weeks. The study concluded with a final screening and collection of qualitative data regarding participant perceptions of their experience. Analysis demonstrated a decrease in the number of postural misalignments with Pilates intervention compared to no significant change in total misalignments when taking dance classes only. The prevalence of forward head posture, knee hyperextension, and foot-ankle pronation or supination all decreased significantly. After participating in the Pilates intervention, the prevalence of iliotibial band and hamstring inflexibility decreased and lower abdominal muscle strength improved significantly. All participants reported they felt that Pilates improved their core stability, pelvic alignment, strength, and body awareness. This study suggests that Pilates, when added to dance training, can improve postural alignment, flexibility, and abdominal strength in dancers. Additionally, it is well tolerated by dancers, making it a potentially valuable cross-training tool. |
| Cahalan, R., Bargary, N., & O'Sullivan, K. | Pain and Injury in Elite Adolescent Irish Dancers: A Cross-Sectional Study | 2.018 | Journal of Dance Medicine and Science | 22 | 2 | 91-99 | https://doi.org/10.12678/1089-313X.22.2.91 | J. Michael Ryan Publishing, Inc. | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmrp/jdms/2018/00000022/00000002/art00005 | Yes | Dance, Irish Dancers, Injury | Dance is an extremely popular activity among adolescents and has a range of associated physical and psychological health benefits. However, pain and injury in young elite dancers is pervasive, and the underlying risk factors are poorly understood. This study investigated the incidence of pain and injury in elite adolescent Irish dancers and examined a range of potentially associated biopsychosocial risk factors. Thirty-seven championship level Irish dancers completed baseline questionnaires recording any episode of pain or injury over the previous 12 months. Additionally, dancers provided information regarding their dance practices, general health, sleep, eating habits, and a range of psychological factors including mood, catastrophizing, passion for dance, and achievement motivation. A baseline physical screening protocol including assessment of balance, fitness, flexibility, endurance, and functional movement was conducted. Subjects were separated into a "more pain and injury (MPI)" group (N = 17) or "less pain and injury (LPI)" group (N = 20) based on their reported pain and injury history over the previous year. Statistical analysis was conducted using independent samples ttest, the Mann-Whitney U test for skewed variables, and the test of independence for categorical variables as appropriate. Eighty-four percent of subjects recorded at least one pain or injury during the previous year. The lower limb, particularly the foot and ankle, was most commonly affected. Factors significantly associated with pain and injury included having an unusual number of troublesome body parts (p = 0.002), often or always dancing in pain (p = 0.033), and high levels of anger or hostility (p = 0.045). This study demonstrates that elite adolescent Irish dance is associated with a substantial risk of pain and injury that appears to be greater than that incurred by young dancers from other genres. Proposed explanations include inappropriate technique progression, unique choreographic features, and an overly arduous calendar of competitive events. A prospective study nearing completion will help clarify causal factors in these dancers. |
| Davenport, K. L., Air, M., Grierson, M. J., & Krabak, B. J. | Examination of Static and Dynamic Core Strength and Rates of Reported Dance Related Injury in Collegiate Dancers: A Cross-Sectional Study | 2.016 | Journal of Dance Medicine and Science | 20 | 4 | 151-161 | https://doi.org/10.12678/1089-313X.20.4.151 | J. Michael Ryan Publishing, INC | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmrp/jdms/2016/00000020/00000004/art00002 | Yes | Dance, Injury, DRI, Core | Among athletes, dancers sustain one of the highest rates of injury. Core muscle strength has been proposed as a factor for reducing injury incidence among athletic populations; however, dancers' core strength and its relation to injury has not been well studied. This study hypothesized that during a pre-semester screening examination collegiate dancers who performed better during core strength assessments would report a lower prevalence of dance related injury. Thirty-six dancers (34 female, 2 male; mean age: 20.8 ± 1.8 years) were recruited from two college-level dance programs. Participants responded to a survey concerning their dance training (mean: 12.8 ± 4.3 years) and injury history. Hip joint passive range of motion testing was performed followed by dynamometer measurements of hip abduction (HAB) and hip external rotation (HER) strength. Dancers also underwent testing of anterior, lateral, and posterior core muscle strength. To assess functional integration of core strength, three pilot screening movements were performed. Thirty-one dancers (86.1%) reported a prior history of at least one dance related injury, and 15 (41.7%) had current injuries (mean: 1.8 ± 1.27 anatomic areas). More than half of the participants (51.4%) demonstrated significant (> 15%) side-to-side variability in HAB strength, and 32.4% demonstrated variability in HER, but neither these nor any of the other measurements of core strength (including both static and dance specific protocols) were significantly associated with current or previous dance injury. Asymmetric hip internal rotation was associated with prior but not current dance related injury, with previously injured dancers demonstrating a 10° difference between right and left limbs. While core strength remains an important component of dance training, this study was unable to show a significant correlation between the results on selected tests and current or prior dance related injuries. This may be due to limitations in study design. However, the authors continue to support medical providers in recommending core strengthening exercises as part of dancers' overall fitness training to optimize injury prevention. |
| Kinney, S., McCrystal, T., Owen, M., Stracciolini, A., & Meehan Iii, W. P. | The Effect of Physical Therapist Involvement in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Youth and Adolescent Dancers’ Injuries | 2.018 | Journal of Dance Medicine and Science | 22 | 2 | 81-83 | https://doi.org/10.12678/1089-313X.22.2.81 | J. Michael Ryan Publishing, INC | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmrp/jdms/2018/00000022/00000002/art00003 | Yes | Athletic Injuries, Dance, Physical Therapist, Adoloescent, Dance Time | In studies of major dance companies that employ mostly adult dancers, measuring the effect of comprehensive medical management that includes daily on-site physical therapy has shown a decrease in the incidence of dance injuries, days missed from dance, injury-related costs, and Workers Compensation claims. As no comparable data have been collected with regard to youth and adolescent dancers, we sought to assess the effect of physical therapist involvement in the care of injuries sustained by young dancers on the incidence and amount of time missed from dancing. A cross sectional study was conducted by questionnaire of 55 students attending a US school for the arts summer dance program. Dancers ranged in age from 13 to 17 years, with a mean age of 15.0 ± 1.0. Most (87.3%) were female. Participants reported dancing a mean of 4.4 ± 2.6 hours per day prior to arrival at the program. They recorded 37 prior injuries, most of which (51.4%) were diagnosed by a physician, although a substantial proportion were diagnosed by a physical therapist (43.2%). Dancers whose injuries were diagnosed by a physician were more likely to miss dance class than those diagnosed by a physical therapist (100% vs. 50%; p = 0.014). When an injury did result in missed dance time, the median number of days missed was greater when the diagnosis was made by a physician as opposed to a physical therapist, although this finding was not statistically significant (6.0 vs. 2.5 days; p = 0.203). This supports previous literature showing a beneficial effect of health care management that involves physical therapists, especially those with expertise in dance injuries, on outcomes from dance injuries sustained by adult dancers. |
| Mainwaring, L.M. & Finney, C. | Psychological Risk Factors and Outcomes of Dance Injury: A Systematic Review | 2.017 | Journal of Dance Medicine and Science | 21 | 3 | 87-96 | https://doi.org/10.12678/1089-313X.21.3.87 | J. Michael Ryan Publishing, INC | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmrp/jdms/2017/00000021/00000003/art00001 | Yes | Dance, Risk, Injury, Psychological Risk Factors | Historically, dance medicine and science has focused on the physical aspects rather than the psychological aspects of dance injury. Psychological variables, however, have been shown to influence the occurrence of injury and post-injury outcomes. The purpose of this review was to examine the dance psychology literature and determine the specific psychological factors reported to be associated with the incidence, frequency, and outcome of dance injuries. A systematic literature search was conducted using SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. All retrieved articles were screened based on criteria developed a priori, and selected articles were subsequently assessed for quality. Thirteen studies met the inclusion and quality assessment criteria. Psychological factors associated with both risk and outcome of dance injury included the following: stress, psychological distress, disordered eating, and coping. Factors associated only with risk of injury were sleep, personality, and social support. The results suggest that psychological variables can affect both the incidence and outcome of dance injury among dancers. Therefore, it is critical to gain a well-rounded, thorough understanding of all the factors, including psychological, that have a negative impact on dancers with respect to dance injury. The findings are discussed in terms of the utility of including psychological assessment and intervention, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, when implementing preventative and treatment measures in dance schools and companies. |
| Koutedakis, Y., Owolabi, E. O., & Apostolos, M | Dance Biomechanics: A Tool for Controlling Health, Fitness, and Training | 2.008 | Journal of Dance Medicine and Science | 12 | 4 | 83-90 | N/A | J. Michael Ryan Publishing, INC | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmrp/jdms/2008/00000012/00000003/art00003 | Yes | Biomechanics, Exercise, Dance, Injury Preventative | The need for superior performance in dance has impelled teachers and choreographers to use increasingly effective and sophisticated methods of preparation. To that end, such modalities of biomechanics as advanced motion-capture, musclefunction and muscle-strength techniques are being used to provide useful information about which of the dancers’ needs require special attention. This often involves improving aspects of dance technique, which, in turn, may help dancers to prevent disabling injuries, the most frequent cause of notoriously short dance careers. Biomechanics may also help dancers to assess fitness levels, to control overtraining or “burnout,” and assist them and their teachers in the effective scheduling of practice and exercise sessions. |
| Abreu, M., & Hartley, G. | The Effects of Salsa Dance on Balance, Gait and Fall Risk in a Sedentary Patient with Alzheimer's Dementia, Multiple Comorbidities, and Recurrent Falls | 2.013 | Journal of GERIATRIC Physical Therapy | 36 | 2 | 100-108 | 10.1519/JPT.0b013e318267aa54 | Academy of Geriatric Physical Therapy. | https://journals.lww.com/jgpt/Fulltext/2013/04000/The_Effects_of_Salsa_Dance_on_Balance,_Gait,_and.8.aspx | Yes | Dance, Dementia, Function, Falls | Background and Purpose: Recent studies have looked at the effects of dance on functional outcomes for persons with balance, gait, and cognitive impairments. The purpose of this report is to quantify the effects of Salsa dance therapy on function, balance, and fall risk in a sedentary older patient with multiple comorbidities. Case Description/Intervention: The patient was an 84-year-old woman with functional decline due to Alzheimer’s dementia, late effects of a cerebral hemorrhagic aneurysm with right hemiparesis in the lower extremity, arthritis, and recurrent falls. Intervention consisted largely of Salsa dancing activities for 24 sessions over 12 weeks. Outcomes: The patient showed improvements in range of motion, strength, balance, functional mobility, gait distance, and speed. During the course of therapy, 1 fall was reported with no signifi cant injuries and 6 months postintervention the patient/caregiver reported no falls. Discussion: This case describes the clinically meaningful effects of Salsa dance therapy as a primary intervention and its impact on functional recovery in a geriatric patient with multiple impairments. |
| Talpade, M. | The Impact of African Dance on Psychosocial and Educational Outcomes | Journal of Instructional Pedagogies | 20 | N/A | 1-14 | N/A | AABRI Copyright Policy | https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1178732.pdf | Yes | Instruction, Minority Students, African Dance, Neuroscience, Language | This project intended to create conditions that are conducive to helping minority students achieve success in learning, in school, and in life. The project is a response to the rising rate of health and career disparities among minority U.S. adolescents. Based on the theoretical framework of the cultural historical activity theory, this attempt aimed to use the dance activities for teaching, training, and learning. This study sought to use the dance to facilitate student learning of research processes and also optimize associated academic and psychosocial processes, by engaging in the culturally relevant activity of African dance. The specific target population included minority undergraduate students. An African dance instructor conducted the class once a week for 75 minutes for 3 months. Ten student researchers recruited participants and evaluated the impact of African dance on several dependent variables. Results were analyzed using parametric statistics. Findings indicated a significant effect of participating in the dance on dependent variables such as, learning the neuroscience associated with the activity and learning the Oromo dialect; meanings related to the activity of African dance; self-efficacy, racial identity, and positive attitudes towards minority-serving academic institutions. Through dissemination from the local to the global level, the broader impact sought by this project is to establish financially secure families by involving the workforce of tomorrow in activities that will promote positive psychosocial outcomes and STEM learning concurrently. | |
| Creating, Performing, and Communicating Through Dance | 2.008 | Leadership | 22-37 | Association of California School Administrators | ||||||||
| Wallace, N. V., Jones, Ca. R. A., Lipa-Ciotta, D., Kindzierski, C. M. | Dancing through the Decades in Middle School | 2.015 | Middle School Journal | 45 | 4 | 13-22 | https://doi.org/10.1080/00940771.2014.11461892 | Routledge | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00940771.2014.11461892 | No | ||
| da Rosa, A. F., Reis, N. M., de Carvalho Souza Vieira, M., Folle, A., & de Azevedo Guimaraes, A. C. | The Practice of Dance as Extracurricular Activity is Related to Higher Motivation and Physical Activity Level in Students | 2.018 | Motricidade | 14 | 3-Feb | 3-10 | http://dx.doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.12287 | Fundacao Tecnica e Cientifica do Desporto | https://revistas.rcaap.pt/motricidade/article/view/12287 | Yes | PE, Dance, PEDP, Performance | The aim of the current study is to compare motivation, self-concept and physical activity level between students practicing dance as extracurricular activity and those who do not. The total of 200 students (mean age 8 ± 0.8 years) divided in two groups participated in the experiment: a) physical education (PE) and b) physical education combined with dance practices (PEDP). Two questionnaires were used, one for the parents (Schooling - Economic stratum) and one for students. The students’ questionnaire consisted of a structured interview divided in four parts: a) General information; b) Motivation; c) Self-concept; and d) Physical activity level. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results showed that students in the PEDP group were more motivated by Status (p = 0.049) and General Affiliation (p = 0.010), whereas 88% of the students in the PE group showed higher social self-concept (p = 0.010). With respect to physical activity level, 100% (p = 0.000) of students in the PEDP group were active and showed screen time 3.88 hours per day (p = 0.000). It was possible concluding that students in the PEDP group showed higher motivation and physical activity level than those in the PE group, who showed better self-concept. |
| de Natale, E. R., Paulus, K. S., Aiello, E., Sanna, B., Manca, A., Sotgiu, G., Leali, P. T., & Deriu, F. | Dance Therapy Improves Motor and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease | 2.017 | NeuroRehabilitation | 40 | 1 | 141-144 | 10.3233/NRE-161399 | IOS Press | https://content.iospress.com/articles/neurorehabilitation/nre1399 | Yes | Rehabilitation, Dance Therapy, Parkinson's Disease, Executive Functions | OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of Dance Therapy (DT) and Traditional Rehabilitation (TR) on both motor and cognitive domains in Parkinson’s Disease patients (PD) with postural instability. METHODS: Sixteen PD patients with recent history of falls were divided in two groups (Dance Therapy, DT and Traditional Rehabilitation, TR); nine patients received 1-hour DT classes twice per week, completing 20 lessons within 10 weeks; seven patients received a similar cycle of 20 group sessions of 60 minutes TR. Motor (Berg Balance Scale – BBS, Gait Dynamic Index – GDI, Timed Up and Go Test – TUG, 4 Square-Step Test – 4SST, 6-Minute Walking Test – 6MWT) and cognitive measures (Frontal Assessment Battery – FAB, Trail Making Test A & B – TMT A&B, Stroop Test) were tested at baseline, after the treatment completion and after 8-week follow-up. RESULTS: In the DT group, but not in the TR group, motor and cognitive outcomes significantly improved after treatment and retained after follow-up. Significant changes were found for 6MWT (p = 0.028), TUG (p = 0.007), TMT-A (p = 0.014) and TMT-B (p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS: DT is an unconventional physical therapy for PD patients which effectively impacts on motor (endurance and risk of falls) and non-motor functions (executive functions) |
| Merom, D., Mathieu, E., Cerin, E., Morton, R.L., Simpson, J.M., Rissel, C., et al. | Social Dancing and Incidence of Falls in Older Adults: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial | 2.016 | PLoS Med | 0 | N/A | 1-19 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002112 | Public Library of Science | https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002112 | Yes | Falls, Elderly, Medical Risk Factors, Physical Activity, QOL, Walking, Randomized Controlled Trials, Balance and Falls, Mental Health and Psychiatry | Background The prevention of falls among older people is a major public health challenge. Exercises that challenge balance are recognized as an efficacious fall prevention strategy. Given that small-scale trials have indicated that diverse dance styles can improve balance and gait of older adults, two of the strongest risk factors for falls in older people, this study aimed to determine whether social dance is effective in i) reducing the number of falls and ii) improving physical and cognitive fall-related risk factors. Methods and Findings A parallel two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial was undertaken in 23 self-care retirement villages (clusters) around Sydney, Australia. Eligible villages had to have an appropriate hall for dancing, house at least 60 residents, and not be currently offering dance as a village activity. Retirement villages were randomised using a computer generated randomisation method, constrained using minimisation. Eligible participants had to be a resident of the village, be able to walk at least 50 m, and agree to undergo physical and cognitive testing without cognitive impairment. Residents of intervention villages (12 clusters) were offered twice weekly one-hour social dancing classes (folk or ballroom dancing) over 12 mo (80 h in total). Programs were standardized across villages and were delivered by eight dance teachers. Participants in the control villages (11 clusters) were advised to continue with their regular activities. Main outcomes: falls during the 12 mo trial and Trail Making Tests. Secondary outcomes: The Physiological Performance Assessment (i.e., postural sway, proprioception, reaction time, leg strength) and the Short Physical Performance Battery; health-related physical and mental quality of life from the Short-Form 12 (SF-12) Survey. Data on falls were obtained from 522 of 530 (98%) randomised participants (mean age 78 y, 85% women) and 424 (80%) attended the 12-mo reassessment, which was lower among folk dance participants (71%) than ballroom dancing (82%) or control participants (82%, p = 0.04). Mean attendance at dance classes was 51%. During the period, 444 falls were recorded; there was no significant difference in fall rates between the control group (0.80 per person-year) and the dance group (1.03 per person-year). Using negative binomial regression with robust standard errors the adjusted Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) was 1.19 (95% CI: 95% CI = 0.83, 1.71). In exploratory post hoc subgroup analysis, the rate of falls was higher among dance participants with a history of multiple falls (IRR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.15, 3.54, p = 0.23 for interaction) and with the folk dance intervention (IRR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.73). There were no significant between-group differences in executive function test (TMT-B = 2.8 s, 95% CI: −6.2, 11.8). Intention to treat (ITT) analysis revealed no between-group differences at 12-mo follow-up in the secondary outcome measures, with the exception of postural sway, favouring the control group. Exploratory post hoc analysis by study completers and style indicated that ballroom dancing participants apparently improved their gait speed by 0.07 m/s relative to control participants (95% CI: 0.00, 0.14, p = 0.05). Study limitations included allocation to style based on logistical considerations rather than at random; insufficient power to detect differential impacts of different dance styles and smaller overall effects; variation of measurement conditions across villages; and no assessment of more complex balance tasks, which may be more sensitive to changes brought about by dancing. Conclusions Social dancing did not prevent falls or their associated risk factors among these retirement villages' residents. Modified dance programmes that contain "training elements" to better approximate structured exercise programs, targeted at low and high-risk participants, warrant investigation. Trial Registration The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612000889853 |
| Serra, M. M., Alonso, A. C., Peterson, M., Mochizuki, L., Greve, J. M., & Garcez-Leme, L. E. | Balance and Muscle Strength in Elderly Women Who Dance Samba | 2.016 | PLOS One | 0 | N/A | 1-9 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0166105 | Public Library of Science | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0166105 | Yes | Postural Control, Physical Activity, Elderly, Balance and Falls, Eyes, Knees, Brazil, Eye Muscles | Considering the growth of the aging population, and the increasing risk for falls and related morbidity, it is vital to seek efficient, comprehensive, and culturally relevant prevention programs for elderly people to reduce risks for falls. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the postural balance and muscle strength among women participating in the "Wing of Baianas" in the carnival parades. One hundred and ten women, with an average age of 67.4±5.9 years, were divided into two groups: Baianas group—elderly participants of the carnival parades in the “Wing of Baianas”, and a Control group of women who do not dance samba. Assessments included a physical activity questionnaire, isokinetic muscle strength testing for the knee extensors and flexors, and a postural balance assessment completed on a force platform. There were no differences between groups, for postural balance outcomes, during the eyes open condition; however, with eyes closed, there was a significant effect between groups (Baianas vs Control) in all variables. The Baianas group showed less medio-lateral displacement (p < 0.04); and anteroposterior displacement (p < 0.007); larger amplitudes of medio-lateral displacement (p < 0.001); and anteroposterior displacement (p < 0.001); increased mean velocity (p < 0.01); and elliptical area (p < 0.01) There were no differences in the isokinetic peak torque corrected by body weight, total work and flexor/extensor ratio. Participation in the Wing of Baianas is associated with better balance with closed eyes, but there were no differences between dancers and non-dancers for muscle strength. |
| Munsell, S.E., & Bryant Davis, K.E. | Dance and Special Education | 2.015 | Preventing School Failure | 59 | 3 | 129-133 | DOI: 10.1080/1045988X.2013.859562 | Routledge | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1045988X.2013.859562?scroll=top&needAccess=true | No | Creative Movement, Curriculum, Dance, Diverse Learners, Special Education | Arts activities have been included in the educational curriculum of public schools for a number of years. Most often, course offerings in the arts consist of visual art, vocal music, and instrumental music classes. Although not as common, dance has also been included in the educational curriculum. Research and anecdotal evidence suggest that participating in dance activities can lead to positive student outcomes for students with and without exceptionalities. Dance activities appear to provide an alternative way to meet diverse learners’ educational needs. Research suggests that participation in dance may also lead to improved physical fitness, socioemotional gains, and academic gains. |
| Reinders, N., Bryden, P. J., & Fletcher, P. C. | Dancing with Down syndrome: A Phenomenological Case Study | 2.015 | Research in Dance Education | 16 | 3 | 291-307 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14647893.2015.1036018 | Routledge | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14647893.2015.1036018?scroll=top&needAccess=true | No | Dance, Down Syndrome, Phenomenology, Physical Benefits, Social Benefits, Psychological Benefits | Dance for individuals with Down syndrome has many benefits; however, there is little research on this topic. Down syndrome is the most common genetic condition, resulting in psychological, physical, and social impairments. There is research to suggest that dance may be a beneficial activity for people with Down syndrome; however, there is little research to substantiate the effects of participating in a community dance class. The present study utilized the theoretical orientation of phenomenology to explore the lived experience of a 21-year-old male with Down syndrome as he participated in a community dance class through his perspective, as well as that of his parents and dance instructor. The dance program was inclusive for children and young adults with special needs. Data collection included background questionnaires, interviews, observation of the dance class, member checks, and field notes. Analysis of the data revealed four salient themes although only the theme of Luke at Dance will be discussed. Overall, all participants agreed that the experience had social, physical, and psychological benefits. Specifically, the dance class provided Luke with the opportunity to expand his social circle, engage him cognitively, and become physically active. |
| Lopez Castillo, M. A., Carlson, J. A., Cain, K. L., Bonilla, E. A., Chuang, E., Elder, J. P., & Sallis, J. F. | Dance Class Structure Affects Youth Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior: A Study of Seven Dance Types | 2.015 | Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport | 86 | 3 | 225-232 | DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2015.1014084 | Routledge: Taylor and Francis Group | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4546536/ | Yes | Accelerometry, Instruction, Sedentary Behavior, Sports | Purpose: The study aims were to determine: (a) how class structure varies by dance type, (b) how moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior vary by dance class segments, and (c) how class structure relates to total MVPA in dance classes. Method: Participants were 291 boys and girls ages 5 to 18 years old enrolled in 58 dance classes at 21 dance studios in Southern California. MVPA and sedentary behavior were assessed with accelerometry, with data aggregated to 15-s epochs. Percent and minutes of MVPA and sedentary behavior during dance class segments and percent of class time and minutes spent in each segment were calculated using Freedson age-specific cut points. Differences in MVPA (Freedson 3 Metabolic Equivalents of Tasks age-specific cut points) and sedentary behavior ( < 100 counts/min) were examined using mixed-effects linear regression. Results: The length of each class segment was fairly consistent across dance types, with the exception that in ballet, more time was spent in technique as compared with private jazz/hip-hop classes and Latin-flamenco and less time was spent in routine/practice as compared with Latin-salsa/ballet folklorico. Segment type accounted for 17% of the variance in the proportion of the segment spent in MVPA. The proportion of the segment in MVPA was higher for routine/practice (44.2%) than for technique (34.7%). The proportion of the segment in sedentary behavior was lowest for routine/practice (22.8%). Conclusion: The structure of dance lessons can impact youths' physical activity. Working with instructors to increase time in routine/practice during dance classes could contribute to physical activity promotion in youth. |
| Metsäpelto, R-L., & Pulkkinen, L. | Socioemotional Behavior and School Achievement in Relation to Extracurricular Activity Participation in Middle Childhood | 2.012 | Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research | 56 | 2 | 167–182 | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00313831.2011.581681 | Routledge | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00313831.2011.581681?scroll=top&needAccess=true | No | Extracurricular Activity Participation, Socioemotional Behvaior, School Achievement, Middle Childhood | This 3-year longitudinal study investigated the associations of student (aged 9 to 10 years at the beginning of the study; n = 281; 51% girls) participation in extracurricular activities with teacher-rated socioemotional behavior and school achievement. MANOVA results showed that, after controlling for the grade level and the initial level of the outcome variables, participation in arts and crafts and music activities was related to higher adaptive behavior, academic attainments (i.e., reading, writing, arithmetic), and working skills (persistence, concentration, carefulness). Participation in performing arts was associated with higher academic working skills, and participation in academic clubs was related to higher academic attainments and lower levels of internalizing problems. Longer duration (2-to-3-years) of participation was generally associated with more positive outcomes. Sports activities were the most popular extracurricular activities, with individual sports more likely among girls and team sports among boys. |
| Petrofsky, J., Batt, J., Berk, L., Collins, K., Yang, T.-N., LeMoine, M., Bains, G., Gunda, S., Raju, C., Vanarasa, D., Kim, Y., Beard, C., Broussard, K., Christensen, J., Ellstrom, C., George, I., Holland, M., Vallabhaneni, P., & Brown, J. | The Effect of an Aerobic Dance and Diet Program on Cardiovascular Fitness, Body Composition, and Weight Loss in Women | 2.008 | The Journal of Applied Research | 8 | 3 | 179-188 | N/A | Therapeutic Solutions LLC | https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA194279861&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=1537064X&p=HRCA&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7Ea1bc3ef | No | Exercise, Diet, Fitness, Core, Training | Sixty female subjects in the age range of 20 - 65 years participated in a series of experiments to determine the effectiveness of a 1-hour aerobic dance video used each day for a total of 10 days, combined with a dietary plan in promoting weight loss and increasing cardiovascular fitness. The experiment was a single-blinded, randomized design study, and subjects were randomly assigned into 1 of 2 groups. One group of subjects participated in the exercise and diet program (30 subjects) and the other group served as controls, and participated in the measurements only (30 subjects). The diet consisted of 1,306 calories per day and was a balance between Carbohydrates, Fats and, Proteins. For the control subjects (non-exercising), there was no difference in blood pressure, heart rate, girth, or body weight over the 10-day period. In contrast, for the group of subjects that exercised, at 7 days, the average weight loss was 1.22 ± 0.75 kg, and the average loss in girth at the waist was 1.74 ±3.0 cm. The top 10% of the subjects reduced their weight by 2.53 ± 0.6 kg and waist circumference by 5.86 ± 2.1cm. Heart rate and blood pressure decreased significantly at 7 days (p<0.05). By the 10 th day, the average weight loss was 2.1 ± 0.61 kg, average loss in body fat was 3.0 ±1.1 % of body weight, and the average reduction of girth at the waist was 3.7 ± 1.1 cm. For the top 10% of the group, the weight loss was 3.4±1.4 kg at 10 days, and for the waist, the average reduction of girth was 8.16±2.3 cm. There was a 28.6% increase in the strength of the core muscles. |
| Marigliano, M. L., & Russo, M. J. | Moving Bodies, Building Minds: Foster Preschoolers' Critical Thinking and Problem Solvingthrough Movement | 2.011 | Young Children | 66 | 5 | 44-49 | National Association for the Education of Young Children | https://www.jstor.org/stable/42730771 | No | |||
| Ambegaonkar, J. P., Schock, C. S., Caswell, S. V., Cortes, N., Hansen-Honeycutt, J., & Wyon, M. A. | Lower Extremity Horizontal Work, But Not Vertical Power, Predicts Balance Performance in Female Collegiate Dancers | 2.018 | Journal of Dance Medicine & Science, | 22 | 2 | 75-80 | https://doi.org/10.12678/1089-313X.22.2.75 | J. Michael Ryan Publishing Inc. | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmrp/jdms/2018/00000022/00000002/art00002 | Yes | Dance, Balance, Lower Extremity Horizontal Work | Dancers, similar to other athletes, often perform vertical and horizontal jumps. Lower extremity (LE) work, power, and balance are important in performing these movements. However, whether these qualities are inter-related in dancers remains unclear. Our purposes were to examine if 1. LE horizontal work, vertical power, and balance were inter-related, and 2. LE horizontal work and vertical power would predict balance in female collegiate dancers. Sixty-one collegiate female dancers (18.3 ± 0.7 years; 164.7 ± 7.3 cm; 61.7 ± 9.5 kg) performed Single Leg Hops (SLH, m), and Vertical Jumps (VJ, cm). The resulting distances were used to calculate horizontal work (hWork, joules = weight[N] * SLH), and vertical power (vPower, watts = 78.5 * VJ + 60.6 * mass[kg] - 15.3 * height [cm] - 1,308). Balance was operationally defined as the bilateral composite Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBTcom, % leg-length-LL) reach scores in the anterior, posterolateral, and posteromedial directions. Pearson correlation coefficients examined relationships among hWork, vPower, and SEBTcom. A stepwise linear regression examined whether hWork and vPower predicted balance (p ≤ 0.05). SEBTcom (75.7 ± 6.2% LL) showed moderate correlations to hWork (800.3 ± 191 joules; r = 0.59, p < 0.001), and fair correlations to vPower (3289.1 ± 1047.7 watts; r = 0.31, p = 0.02). hWork showed moderatestrong correlations to vPower (r = 0.70, p < 0.001). hWork predicted 32.4% of the balance score variance (p < 0.001), but vPower did not enter the regression model. Overall, LE horizontal work, vertical power, and balance were positively correlated in female collegiate dancers. LE horizontal but not vertical power predicted almost one-third of the changes in balance. The similar horizontal directional task demands in both the SEBT and SLH versus the differing horizontal and vertical directional task demands in the SEBT and the VJ, respectively, may partially explain these findings. As LE work, power, and balance are interrelated, whether dancers’ participation in training programs can improve their jumping, landing, and balance performance needs further examination. |
| O'Neill, J. R., Pate, R. R., & Beets, M. W. | Physical Activity Levels of Adolescent Girls During Dance Classes | 2.012 | Journal of Physical Activity & Health | 9 | 3 | 382-388 | 10.1123/jpah.9.3.382 | https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jpah/9/3/article-p382.xml | No | Accelerometry, Teaching, Youth | Background: The aims of this study were to describe the physical activity levels of girls during dance classes and to identify factors associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in those classes. Methods: Participants were 137 girls (11 to 18 years-old) enrolled in ballet, jazz, or tap dance classes from 11 dance studios. Participants wore an accelerometer during the selected dance class on 2 separate days. Factors hypothesized to be associated with MVPA were dance style, instructional level, instructor's experience, percent of class time spent in choreography, and participants' age, race/ethnicity, BMI-for-age percentile, and years of dance training. Data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. Results: Girls engaged in 9.8 minutes of MVPA, 6.0 minutes of moderate, 3.8 minutes of vigorous, 39.3 minutes of light, and 10.9 minutes of sedentary behavior per hour of dance class participation. Jazz/tap classes provided more MVPA than ballet classes, and intermediate level classes provided more MVPA than advanced level classes. Girls with more dance training obtained more MVPA than girls with less dance training. Conclusion: Dance classes provide valuable opportunities for adolescent girls to be physically active. | |
| Guinhouya, B. C., Samouda, H., & de Beaufort, C. | Level of Physical Activity Among Children and Adolescents in Europe: a review of physical activity assessed objectively by accelerometry | 2.013 | Public Health | 127 | 4 | 301-311 | 10.1016/j.puhe.2013.01.020. | Elsevier | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0033350613000607?via%3Dihub | No | Prevalence, Physical Activity, Guidelines, Paediatrics, Europe | This study explored the proportion of European youth who are sufficiently active according to physical activity (PA) recommendations, based exclusively on objective assessment through accelerometers. A systematic electronic search of studies published up to March 2012 was conducted. PubMed was used to identify accelerometry-assessed PA studies that involved European youth. Within the 131 European studies, only 35 clearly reported the proportion of youth meeting the PA recommendations. Different thresholds lying between 1000 and 4000 counts/min (cpm) were used to define moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Overall, up to 100% of youth may be sufficiently active when using a threshold of approximately >1000-1500 cpm. With the most cited cut-off point (i.e. >2000 cpm), up to 87% of European youth might be considered physically active with reference to the current recommendations. Alternatively, with a cut-off point >3000 cpm, no more than 3-5% of them appeared to achieve these recommendations. The large discrepancy in outcomes released by accelerometer data is mainly due to the variety of cut-off points for MVPA among youth, hindering the definition of a clear goal towards PA promotion in Europe. Standardization of methods is urgently required. |
| Allen, N., Nevill, A., Brooks, J., Koutedakis, Y., & Wyon, M. | Ballet Injuries: Injury Incidence and Severity Over 1 Year | 2.012 | Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy | 42 | 9 | 781-A1 | doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.3893 | Epub | https://www.jospt.org/doi/full/10.2519/jospt.2012.3893 | Yes | Dance, Overuse, Traumatic | Study Design Prospective, descriptive single-cohort study. Objective To assess the incidence and severity of injuries to a professional ballet company over 1 year. Methods Data for an elite-level ballet company of 52 professional dancers were collected by an in-house medical team using a time-loss injury definition. Results A total of 355 injuries were recorded, with an overall injury incidence of 4.4 injuries per 1000 hours (female, 4.1; male, 4.8; P>.05) and a mean of 6.8 injuries per dancer (female, 6.3; male, 7.3; P>.05). Mean injury severity was 7 days (female, 4; male, 9; P.05); mean severity of injury was 3 days for females and 9 days for males (P<.05). The percentage of traumatic injuries was 32% for females and 40% for males (P<.05); the corresponding severity was 6 and 10 days, respectively (P<.05). Conclusion The relatively high number of injuries reported and the resulting loss of dance time support the need to introduce interventions to reduce the risk of injury in professional dancers. |
| Beasley, M. A., Stracciolini, A., Tyson, K. D., & Stein, C. J. | Knee injury patterns in young irish dancers. | 2.014 | Medical Problems of Performing Artists | 29 | 2 | 70-73 | https://doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2014.2016 | Science & Medicine, Inc. | https://www.sciandmed.com/mppa | No | Knee, Injury, Irish Dance, Preventative, Treatment, Overuse | OBJECTIVE: To characterize knee injury patterns in Irish dancers. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed for Irish dancers under age 19 who presented with knee injuries to the sports medicine or orthopedic clinic from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2010. Data were collected on all knee injuries partially or directly related to Irish dance. Injury was defined as dance-related pain or damage to the structures in the knee that resulted in evaluation in the clinic. Survey data were collected to determine the number of different schools/studios represented by the dancers in the study. RESULTS: Sixty-seven Irish dancers with 86 knee injuries were evaluated. Half (50.7%) of these patients received more than one diagnosis during these visits. Overuse injuries accounted for 90.7% of knee injuries. Time to presentation ranged from less than 1 week to over 1 year. There was a significant difference in time to presentation, with traumatic injuries being evaluated sooner than overuse injuries. The most common diagnoses, accounting for 53.5% of injuries, were patellar tracking disorders, including patellofemoral syndrome, hypermobile patella, and patellar subluxation. CONCLUSION: In Irish dance overuse injuries represent the great majority of knee injuries, and patellofemoral tracking disorders are the most common diagnosis. For many dancers, there is often a delay of weeks to months between the onset of symptoms and evaluation in clinic. Prevention programs could potentially eliminate a large portion of knee pain experienced by young Irish dancers. |
| Azevedo, K. J., Mendoza, S., Fernández, M., Haydel, K. F., Fujimoto, M., Tirumalai, E. C., & Robinson, T. N. | Turn Off the TV and Dance! Participation in Culturally Tailored Health Interventions: Implications for Obesity Prevention among Mexican American Girls | 2.013 | Ethnicity & Disease | 23 | 4 | 452-461 | N/A | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3940265/ | Yes | Obesity Prevention, Behavioral Health Interventions, Girls, Latinos | Our evaluation study identifies facilitators and barriers to participation among families participating in the treatment arm of Stanford ECHALE. This culturally tailored obesity prevention trial consisted of a combined intervention with two main treatment components: 1) a folkloric dance program; and 2) a screen time reduction curriculum designed for 7–11 year old Latinas and their families. We conducted 83 interviews (40 parents and 43 girls) in participant homes after 6 months of enrollment in the ECHALE trial. The Spradley ethnographic method and NVivo 8.0 were used to code and analyze narrative data. Three domains emerged for understanding participation: 1) family cohesiveness; 2) perceived gains; and 3) culturally relevant program structure. Two domains emerged for non-participation: program requirements and perceived discomforts. Non-parametric, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the relationships with participant attendance data. Sustained participation was most strongly influenced by the domain perceived gains when parents reported better self-esteem, confidence, improved attitude, improved grades, etc. (Spearman r=.45, P=.003). Alternatively, under the domain, perceived discomforts, with subthemes such as child bullying, participation in the combined intervention was inversely associated with attendance (Spearman r=.38, P=.02). Family-centered, school-based, community obesity prevention programs that focus on tangible short-term gains for girls may generate greater participation rates, enhance social capital, and promote community empowerment. These factors can be emphasized in future obesity prevention program design and implementation. (Ethn Dis. 2013; 23[4]:452–461) | |
| Ventouras, EC., Margariti, A., Chondraki, P. et al | EEG-based investigation of brain connectivity changes in psychotic patients undergoing the primitive expression form of dance therapy: a methodological pilot study | 2.015 | Cogn Neurodyn | 9 | N/A | 231-248 | 10.1007/s11571-014-9319-8 | Springer | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11571-014-9319-8 | No | Primitive Expression, Dance Therapy, Electroencephalography (EEG), Brain Connectivity, Correlation Coefficient, Mutual Information | Primitive expression (PE) is a form of dance therapy (DT) that involves an interaction of ethologically and socially based forms which are supplied for re-enactment. There exist very few studies of DT applications including in their protocol the measurement of neurophysiological parameters. The present pilot study investigates the use of the correlation coefficient (ρ) and mutual information (MI), and of novel measures extracted from ρ and MI, on electroencephalographic (EEG) data recorded in patients with schizophrenia while they undergo PE DT, in order to expand the set of neurophysiology-based approaches for quantifying possible DT effects, using parameters that might provide insights about any potential brain connectivity changes in these patients during the PE DT process. Indication is provided for an acute potentiation effect, apparent at late-stage PE DT, on the inter-hemispheric connectivity in frontal areas, as well as for attenuation of the inter-hemispheric connectivity of left frontal and right central areas and for potentiation of the intra-hemispheric connectivity of frontal and central areas, bilaterally, in the transition from early to late-stage PE DT. This pilot study indicates that by using EEG connectivity measures based on ρ and MI, the set of useful neurophysiology-based approaches for quantifying possible DT effects is expanded. In the framework of the present study, the causes of the observed connectivity changes cannot be attributed with certainty to PE DT, but indications are provided that these measures may contribute to a detailed assessment of neurophysiological mechanisms possibly being affected by this therapeutic process. |
| Bronner, S., & Worthen, L. | The Demographics of Dance in the United States | 1.999 | Journal of Dance Medicine & Science | 3 | 4 | 151-153 | N/A | J. Michael Ryan Publishing Inc. | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmrp/jdms/1999/00000003/00000004/art00004?crawler=true | Yes | Demographics, Dance, 1999 | Dance Demographics |
| Hincapié-Sánchez, M. F., Buriticá-Marín, E. D., & Ordoñez-Mora, L. T. | Characterization of dance-based protocols used in rehabilitation - A systematic review | 2.021 | Heliyon | 7 | 12 | 1-19 | 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08573 | Elsevier | https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(21)02676-1?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS2405844021026761%3Fshowall%3Dtrue#articleInformation | Yes | Dance, Rehabilitation, Clinical Trial Protocol, Physical Therapy | Objective: To describe the use of dance-based intervention protocols as a rehabilitation proposal. Method: Papers containing protocols used in adult patients and written in Spanish, English, and Portuguese were collected using the following keywords: Physical Therapy; Dance Therapy; Rehabilitation; and Clinical Trial Protocol. The PUBMED, MEDLINE, LILACS, BVS ScienceDirect, PEDro, OTseeker, The Cochrane Library (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and Scopus databases were used for the collection of information to define the type of dance, the established protocol, pathologies, and the population involved. Results: 70 studies met the eligibility criteria, all of which presented a dance protocol. This was used in the rehabilitation of pathologies covering the neuromuscular, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular systems, as well as in a healthy population. Positive results were the main outcome measure. Discussion: Dance is an innovative intervention strategy for patients with comorbidities or underlying pathologies as well as for those in good health. It offers, without limitations, a field of applicability through the use of a dancing style as a rehabilitation process, generating significant changes in the physical, mental, and social skills of the individual. |
| Philipsson, A., Duberg, A., Möller, M., & Hagberg, L. | Cost-utility analysis of a dance intervention for adolescent girls with internalizing problems | 2.013 | Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation | 11 | 4 | 1-9 | 10.1186/1478-7547-11-4 | Springer | https://resource-allocation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1478-7547-11-4 | Yes | Internalizing Problems, Adolescent Girls, Physical Activity, Dance, Cost-Utility Analysis | Background: The increasing prevalence of psychological health problems among adolescent girls is alarming. Knowledge of beneficial effects of physical activity on psychological health is widespread. Dance is a popular form of exercise that could be a protective factor in preventing and treating symptoms of depression. The aim of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of a dance intervention in addition to usual school health services for adolescent girls with internalizing problems, compared with usual school health services alone. Methods: A cost-utility analysis from a societal perspective based on a randomized controlled intervention trial was performed. The setting was a city in central Sweden with a population of 130 000. A total of 112 adolescent girls, 13–18 years old, with internalizing problems participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 59) or control (n = 53) group. The intervention comprised dance twice weekly during eight months in addition to usual school health services. Costs for the stakeholder of the intervention, treatment effect and healthcare costs were considered. Gained quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were used to measure the effects. Quality of life was measured with the Health Utility Index Mark 3. Cost-effectiveness ratios were based on the changes in QALYs and net costs for the intervention group compared with the control group. Likelihood of cost-effectiveness was calculated. Results: At 20 months, quality of life had increased by 0.08 units more in the intervention group than in the control group (P = .04), translating to 0.10 gained QALYs. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was USD $3,830 per QALY and the likelihood of cost-effectiveness was 95%. Conclusions: Intervention with dance twice weekly in addition to usual school health services may be considered cost-effective compared with usual school health services alone, for adolescent girls with internalizing problems. Trial registration: Name of the trial registry: “Influencing Adolescent Girls’ With Creative Dance Twice Weekly” Trial registration number: NCT01523561 |
| Bearss, K.A., & DeSouza, J.F.X. | Parkinson’s Disease Motor Symptom Progression Slowed with Multisensory Dance Learning over 3-Years: A Preliminary Longitudinal Investigation | 2.021 | Brain Sciences | 11 | 7 | 1-15 | https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11070895 | MDPI Publishing | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/7/895 | Yes | Multisensory Therapy, Motor Symptoms, Parkinson's Disease, Neurorehabilitation, Longitudinal | Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that has a fast progression of motor dysfunction within the first 5 years of diagnosis, showing an annual motor rate of decline of the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) between 5.2 and 8.9 points. We aimed to determine both motor and non-motor PD symptom progression while participating in dance classes once per week over a period of three years. Longitudinal data was assessed for a total of 32 people with PD using MDS-UPDRS scores. Daily motor rate of decline was zero (slope = 0.000146) in PD-Dancers, indicating no motor impairment, whereas the PD-Reference group showed the expected motor decline across three years (p < 0.01). Similarly, non-motor aspects of daily living, motor experiences of daily living, and motor complications showed no significant decline. A significant group (PD-Dancers and PD- Reference) by days interaction showed that PD who train once per week have less motor impairment (M = 18.75) than PD-References who do not train (M = 24.61) over time (p < 0.05). Training is effective at slowing both motor and non-motor PD symptoms over three years as shown in decreased scores of the MDS-UPDRS. |
| Österberg, P., & Köping Olsson, B. | Dancing: A Strategy to Maintain Schoolchildren’s Openness for Idea Generation | 2.021 | Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance | 92 | 3 | 20-25 | 10.1080/07303084.2020.1866719 | Routledge: Taylor and Francis Group | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07303084.2020.1866719 | Yes | Dance, Social and Cognitive benefits, Problem Solving | Schools are institutions responsible for teaching children new skills and knowledge, the ability to think about future targets, and, when problems become complex, how to apply explorative thinking and inborn creativity to solve them. Even so, scholars point to the fact that school curriculums do not support ways to facilitate explorative learning or creativity for problem-solving. To successfully devise solutions never considered before, children need support with programs enabling them to facilitate openness for experience intellectually. This study suggests that dance activities should become regular in the curriculum as a strategy for maintaining schoolchildren’s cognitive flexibility. |
| O'Neill, J. R., Pate, R. R., & Liese, A. D. | Descriptive Epidemiology of Dance Participation in Adolescents | 2.011 | Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport | 82 | 3 | 373-380 | 10.1080/02701367.2011.10599769 | Routledge: Taylor and Francis Group | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02701367.2011.10599769 | No | Dancing, NHANES, Physical Activity, Youth | The aims of this study were to describe the prevalence of dance participation in U.S. adolescents and to estimate the contribution of dance to total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The sample was composed of 3,598 adolescents from the 2003-06 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Youth reported frequency and duration of physical activities performed in the past month. Dance participation prevalence was calculated; among those who reported dance, its contribution to total MVPA was estimated. The prevalence of dance was much higher in girls (34.8%) than boys (8.4%). Girls had a greater contribution of dance to total MVPA (39.3%) than boys (23.0%). Dance is a prevalent form of physical activity among girls, and it accounts for a substantial fraction of their total MVPA. |
| Erwin, H., Koufoudakis, R., & Beighle, A. | Children’s Physical Activity Levels During Indoor Recess Dance Videos | 2.013 | The Journal of School Health | 83 | 5 | 322-327 | 10.1111/josh.12034 | American School Health Association | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/josh.12034 | Yes | Physical Activity, Children, Indoor Recess | Background: Children's physical activity (PA) levels remain low, and schools are being asked to assume a leadership role in PA promotion. Research suggests outdoor recess contributes to children's overall PA levels. However, similar research is not available for indoor recess, which occurs frequently due to a variety of factors. The purpose of this study was to describe PA levels and intensity during indoor recess using PA dance videos. Methods: Fifty-four children (27 girls) wore accelerometers for 5 days during indoor recess. Factorial analyses of variance were conducted to examine the differences in PA between sexes and across grades. Results: Participants averaged 17.66 (SD = 2.82) minutes in indoor recess. On average, 22.22% (SD = 12.72) was spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and 45.70% (SD = 11.29) of time was spent in low-intensity physical activity (LPA) totaling 67.92% (SD = 16.54) of total recess time. Boys accumulated a higher percentage of MVPA and total PA compared to girls. Conclusions: Students engaged in PA 68% of indoor recess time, equaling almost 12 minutes of PA during recess. Results suggest PA dance videos are 1 effective method for increasing elementary children's PA during indoor recess as an alternative to sedentary activities. |
| Kadel N. J. | Foot and Ankle Injuries in Dance | 2.006 | Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America | 17 | 4 | 813-826 | 10.1016/j.pmr.2006.06.006 | Elsevier | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1047965106000428?via%3Dihub | No | Dance, Injury Type, Foot, Ankle | Although dancers develop overuse injuries common in other athletes, they are also susceptible to unique injuries. This article reviews common foot and ankle problems seen in dancers and provides some basic diagnosis and treatment strategies. |
| Gamboa, J. M., Roberts, L. A., Maring, J., & Fergus, A. | Injury patterns in elite preprofessional ballet dancers and the utility of screening programs to identify risk characteristics | 2.008 | The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy | 38 | 3 | 126-136 | 10.2519/jospt.2008.2390 | Movement Science Media | https://www.jospt.org/doi/10.2519/jospt.2008.2390?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed | Yes | Injury Prevention, Injury Surveillance, Musculoskeletal Characteristics, Performing Arts | Study design: Retrospective descriptive cohort study. Objectives: To describe the distribution and rate of injuries in elite adolescent ballet dancers, and to examine the utility of screening data to distinguish between injured and noninjured dancers. Background: Adolescent dancers account for most ballet injuries. Limited information exists, however, regarding the distribution of, rate of, and risk factors for, adolescent dance injuries. Methods and measures: Two hundred four dancers (age, 9-20 years) were screened over 5 years. Screening data were collected at the beginning and injury data were collected at the end of each training year. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize distribution and rate of injuries. Inference statistics were used to examine differences between injured and noninjured dancers. Results: Fifty-three percent of injuries occurred in the foot/ankle, 21.6% in the hip, 16.1% in the knee, and 9.4% in the back. Thirty-two to fifty-one percent of the dancers were injured each year, and, over the 5 years, there were 1.09 injuries per 1000 athletic exposures, and 0.77 injuries per 1000 hours of dance. Significant differences between injured and noninjured dancers were limited to current disability scores (P = .007), history of low back pain (P = .017), right foot pronation (P = .005), insufficient right-ankle plantar flexion (P = .037), and lower extremity strength (P = .045). Conclusion: Distribution of injuries was similar to that of other studies. Injury rates were lower than most reported rates, except when expressed per 1000 hours of dance. Few differences were found between injured and noninjured dancers. These findings should be considered when designing and implementing screening programs. |
| Hogg, J., Diaz, A., Del Cid, M., Mueller, C., Lipman, E. G., Cheruvu, S., Chiu, Y. L., Vogiatzi, M., & Nimkarn, S. | An after-school dance and lifestyle education program reduces risk factors for heart disease and diabetes in elementary school children | 2.012 | Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism | 25 | 5-6 | 509-516 | 10.1515/jpem-2012-0027 | De Gruyter | https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jpem-2012-0027/html | No | Childhood Obesity, Dance, Lifestyle Intervention, Physical Activity | Background: Forty-three percent of New York City's (NYC) school-age children are overweight or obese, placing them at risk for heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if an intensive after-school dance and lifestyle education program would reduce risk factors for heart disease, T2DM, and improve lifestyle choices. Subjects: Subject include 64 fourth- and fifth-grade students at an elementary school in NYC. Methods: Students received freestyle dance and lifestyle classes for 16 weeks and were evaluated for changes in body composition, endurance, biochemical measurements, and lifestyle choices. Results: Significant improvements in BMI percentiles were found among children in the overweight and obese categories as well as in endurance and biochemical measurements that reflect heart disease and diabetes risk. Improvement was also reported in lifestyle choices. Conclusion: An intensive after-school dance and lifestyle education program can reduce risk factors for heart disease and T2DM and improve lifestyle choices among elementary school children. |
| Steinberg, N., Siev-Ner, I., Peleg, S., Dar, G., Masharawi, Y., Zeev, A., & Hershkovitz, I. | Injuries in Female Dancers Aged 8 to 16 Years | 2.013 | Journal of Athletic Training | 48 | 1 | 118-123 | 10.4085/1062-6050-48.1.06 | Allen Press, Inc. | https://meridian.allenpress.com/jat/article/48/1/118/110782/Injuries-in-Female-Dancers-Aged-8-to-16-Years | Yes | Athletes, Children, Practice Time, Scoliosis, Body Mass Index, Range of Motion | Context: Most studies of injured dancers have been carried out on professional adult dancers; data on young, nonprofessional injured dancers are sparse. Objective: To identify the types of injuries sustained by recreational dancers and to examine their association with age, joint range of motion, body structure, age at menarche, presence of anatomic anomalies, and physical burden (ie, practice hours en pointe). Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting: The Israel Performing Arts Medicine Center, Tel Aviv. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 569 injured female dancers, aged 8 to 16 years. Main Outcome Measure(s): Dependent variables were 61 types of current injuries that were later classified into 4 major categories: knee injuries, foot and ankle tendinopathy, back injuries, and other injuries. Independent variables were age, joint range of motion, body size and shape, age at menarche, anatomic anomalies, and dance discipline (eg, hours of practice per week en pointe). Results: At least 1 previous injury had been sustained by 42.4% of the dancers. The most common injuries involved the knee (40.4%), followed by other injuries (23.4%). The relative frequency of back injuries and tendinopathy decreased with age, whereas knee injuries increased. Types of injuries were significantly associated with ankle plantar flexion, hip external rotation, hip abduction, and knee flexion. Multinomial regression analysis revealed only 3 predictive variables (with other as baseline), all for back injury: scoliosis, age, and hip external rotation. Conclusions: Joint range of motion and scoliosis may signal the potential for future injury. Young dancers (less than 10 years of age) should not be exposed to overload (especially of the back) or extensive stretching exercises. |
| Jago, R., Edwards, M. J., Sebire, S. J., Tomkinson, K., Bird, E. L., Banfield, K., May, T., Kesten, J. M., Cooper, A. R., Powell, J. E., & Blair, P. S. | Effect and cost of an after-school dance programme on the physical activity of 11–12 year old girls: The Bristol Girls Dance Project, a school-based cluster randomised controlled trial | 2.015 | International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity | 12 | 128 | 1-15 | 10.1186/s12966-015-0289-y | Springer Nature | https://ijbnpa.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12966-015-0289-y | Yes | Physical activity, Dance, School, RCT | Background: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness and cost of an after-school dance intervention at increasing the physical activity levels of Year 7 girls (age 11–12). Methods: A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted in 18 secondary schools. Participants were Year 7 girls attending a study school. The Bristol Girls Dance Project (BGDP) intervention consisted of up to forty, 75-minute dance sessions delivered in the period immediately after school by experienced dance instructors over 20-weeks. The pre-specified primary outcome was accelerometer assessed mean minutes of weekday moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at time 2 (52 weeks are T0 baseline assessments). Secondary outcomes included accelerometer assessed mean minutes of weekday MVPA at time 1 (while the intervention was still running) and psychosocial outcomes. Intervention costs were assessed. Results: 571 girls participated. Valid accelerometer data were collected from 549 girls at baseline with 508 girls providing valid accelerometer data at baseline and time 2. There were no differences between the intervention and control group for accelerometer assessed physical activity at either time 1 or time 2. Only one third of the girls in the intervention arm met the pre-set adherence criteria of attending two thirds of the dance sessions that were available to them. Instrumental variable regression analyses using complier average causal effects provided no evidence of a difference between girls who attended the sessions and the control group. The average cost of the intervention was £73 per girl, which was reduced to £63 when dance instructor travel expenses were excluded. Conclusion: This trial showed no evidence that an after-school dance programme can increase the physical activity of Year 7 girls. The trial highlighted the difficulty encountered in maintaining attendance in physical activity programmes delivered in secondary schools. There is a need to find new ways to help adolescent girls to be physically active via identifying ways to support and encourage sustained engagement in physical activity over the life course. Trial registration: ISRCTN52882523 |
| Luke, A. C., Kinney, S. A., D’Hemecourt, P. A., Baum, J., Owen, M., Micheli, L. J. | Determinants of Injuries in Young Dancers | 2.002 | Medical Problems of Performing Artists | 17 | 3 | 105-112 | https://doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2002.3016 | Science & Medicine, Inc. | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/scimed/mppa/2002/00000017/00000003/art00002 | No | Injury, Determinants, Self-Reported, Dance, Risk Factors | The epidemiology of dance injuries requires further study, in order to properly implement effective health interventions. This study aimed to pilot injury surveillance tools to assess the inci- dence of injuries in adolescent pre-professional dancers and identify the intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors associated with dance injuries. The study involved a prospective, cohort design. A population of adolescent dancers at a liberal arts high school dance program in Natick, Massachusetts, was studied over the nine-month school year in 2000/2001. Intrinsic risk factors, including anatomical character- istics, past medical history, menstrual history, and dance experience, were assessed with a pre-participation history and orthopedic physi- cal exam. The extrinsic risk factors, including training, fatigue, stress, shoes, and calcium intake, were assessed with surveys completed every two weeks by the dancers. Study outcomes were: 1) self- reported injuries (SRIs), 2) reported injuries (RIs) assessed by a phys- ical therapist in the school clinic, 3) duration of injuries, and 4) severity of injuries. Descriptive statistics and univariate analyses were performed on each risk factor. Thirty-nine of 55 dancers participated in the study. The average age was 15.3 years, and 85% of the dancers were female. The return rate for the biweekly surveys was 90%. Over one school year, there were 112 self-reported injuries, averaging 2.8 SRIs per dancer, and 71 reported injuries assessed by the physical therapist, averaging 1.4 RIs per dancer. Consistent with other stud- ies, the most common locations for injuries were ankles, lower leg/calf, and back, usually caused by overuse, muscle strains, and sprains. Although the female dancers reported dancing significantly more hours (3.3 hours per day) than the males (2.7 hours/day), the males had a higher injury rate of SRIs (8.4 injuries/1,000 exposure hours of dancing vs. 4.1 injuries/1,000 hours) as well as RIs (5.5 injuries/1,000 hours vs. 2.6 injuries/1,000 hours). Older age and male sex were risk factors associated with SRIs and RIs. Most risk fac- tors were found not to be statistically associated with the number of SRIs or RIs. Self-reported injuries occur frequently in pre-profes- sional student dancers, who seek medical care in more than half the cases. Health professionals involved with dancers should be familiar with posterior ankle and low back problems. The rates of injuries appear almost twice as high in male dancers than female dancers. The main limitations to this study were small sample size and mis- classification, recall, and reporting biases. With the information and tools of this pilot study, a multi-center study can be carried out to better assess risk factors on a larger dance population. Further research should aim to standardize injury definitions and classifica- tions. Med Probl Perform Art 17: 105–112, 2002. |
| Nelson, L.P., & Wilson, A. | Impact of Dancing Classrooms on Elementary Physical Education: A School Climate Study of Personal and Social Development | 2.011 | Tahperd Journal | 78 | Summer | 12-16 | N/A | https://www.tahperd.org/tahperd-main-website-event/publications | No | Dance, Social Development, Motivation | In conclusion, the findings of this study support Dancing Classrooms as a means of increasing social devel- opment among 5th grade elementary students, specifically with African American and Caucasian populations. Research shows that students are most likely to be motivated when learning is real and personally relevant, solutions are within their capability, and results are immediately discernable (Goodlad, Mantle-Bromley, & Goodlad, 2004). Dancing Classrooms appears to be a program that leads to some of these goals and outcomes. Schools in particular serve as a formidable agent in helping young people realize these goals, however, this can only be accomplished if administrators, teachers, and parents focus on building a climate in which intervention and developmental programs are valued, sup- ported, and part of the total school environment (Combs, 1994). For many schools, this requires a paradigm shift in priorities from a preoccupation with subject matter and testing to increased concern for community and students as social organisms. | |
| O'Neill, J. R., Pate, R. R., & Hooker, S.P. | The contribution of dance to daily physical activity among adolescent girls | 2.011 | International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity | 8 | 87 | 1-8 | Springer Nature | https://ijbnpa.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1479-5868-8-87#:~:text=Conclusions,to%20girls'%20total%20physical%20activity. | Yes | Accelerometer, Children, Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity, Light Activity, Sedentary Behavior | Background: Structured physical activity (PA) programs are well positioned to promote PA among youth, however, little is known about these programs, particularly dance classes. The aims of this study were to: 1) describe PA levels of girls enrolled in dance classes, 2) determine the contribution of dance classes to total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and 3) compare PA between days with a dance class (program days) and days without a dance class (non-program days). Methods: Participants were 149 girls (11-18 years) enrolled in dance classes in 11 dance studios. Overall PA was assessed with accelerometry for 8 consecutive days, and girls reported when they attended dance classes during those days. The percent contribution of dance classes to total MVPA was calculated, and data were reduced to compare PA on program days to non-program days. Data were analyzed using mixed models, adjusting for total monitoring time. Results: Girls engaged in 25.0 ± 0.9 minutes/day of MVPA. Dance classes contributed 28.7% (95% CI: 25.9%-31.6%) to girls’ total MVPA. Girls accumulated more MVPA on program (28.7 ± 1.4 minutes/day) than non-program days (16.4 ± 1.5 minutes/day) (p < 0.001). Girls had less sedentary behavior on program (554.0 ± 8.1 minutes/day) than non-program days (600.2 ± 8.7 minutes/day) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Dance classes contributed a substantial proportion (29%) to girls’ total MVPA, and girls accumulated 70% more MVPA and 8% less sedentary behavior on program days than on non-program days. Dance classes can make an important contribution to girls’ total physical activity. | |
| Cain, K. L., Gavand, K. A., Conway, T. L., Peck, E., Bracy, N. L., Bonilla, E., Rincon, P., & Sallis, J. F. | Physical Activity in Youth Dance Classes | 2.015 | Pediatrics | 135 | 6 | 1066-1073 | https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-2415 | American Academy of Pediatrics | https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article-abstract/135/6/1066/75770/Physical-Activity-in-Youth-Dance-Classes?redirectedFrom=fulltext | No | Dance, Active, Youth, Dance Types, Adolescent, Physical Activity | BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The majority of youth are not meeting the US Department of Health and Human Services physical activity guidelines. Dance is a popular activity, particularly for girls, and has the potential to increase physical activity for many youth. This study investigated physical activity of children and adolescents in 7 dance types: ballet, hip-hop, jazz, Latin-flamenco, Latin-salsa/ballet folklorico, partnered, and tap. METHODS: Data were collected in 17 private studios and 4 community centers in San Diego, California. A total of 264 girls from 66 classes participated (n =154 children; n = 110 adolescents). Physical activity was measured with accelerometers, and activity levels during class were calculated. RESULTS: Participants recorded an average of 17.2 ± 8.9 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (36% of class), but this varied by age and dance type. For children, dance type differences were observed with percent of class in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity ranging from 13.6% (Latin-flamenco) to 57% (hip-hop). For adolescents, there were no differences across dance types. Children were more active than adolescents in all types except ballet. Children and adolescents were more active in private compared with community center classes. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, physical activity in youth dance classes was low; 8% of children and 6% of adolescents met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 30-minute guideline for after- school physical activity during dance. To increase physical activity in dance classes, teaching methods could be employed to increase activity in all types, or emphasis could be placed on greater participation in more active dance types. |
| Roberts, K. J., Nelson, N. G., & McKenzie, L. | Dance-Related Injuries in Children and Adolescents Treated in US Emergency Departments in 1991–2007 | 2.013 | Journal of Physical Activity & Health | 10 | 2 | 143-150 | 10.1123/jpah.10.2.143 | Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc. | https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jpah/10/2/article-p143.xml | No | Epidemiology; Pediatrics | Background: Dancing is one of the most physically strenuous activities on the musculoskeletal system. As other literature has previously described, the types, sites, and rates of dance-related injuries are similar to those suffered by athletes in traditional sports. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted with data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System from 1991−2007. Sample weights were used to calculate national estimates of dance-related injuries. Trend significance of the numbers and age-adjusted rates of dance-related injuries over time was analyzed using linear regression. Results: An estimated 113,084 children and adolescents 3−19 years of age were treated in US emergency departments for dance-related injuries. Classical dance (ballet, jazz, tap, modern) accounted for 55.0% of dance-related injuries. Adolescents 15−19 years of age constituted 40.4% of the dance-related injury cases. The majority of injuries (58.1%) occurred to the lower extremities. Sprains or strains were the most common injury (52.4%) and falls were the most common mechanism of injury (44.8%). Conclusions: Dance-related injuries have distinct injury patterns and mechanisms of injury. Injury patterns differ by types of dance and by age. Further research is needed to identify injury prevention strategies specific to these age groups. |
| Schroeder, K., Ratcliffe, S. J., Perez, A., Earley, D., Bowman, C., & Lipman, T. H. | Dance for Health: An Intergenerational Program to Increase Access to Physical Activity | 2.017 | Journal of Pediatric Nursing | 37 | N/A | 29-34 | 10.1016/j.pedn.2017.07.004 | Elsevier | https://www.pediatricnursing.org/article/S0882-5963(17)30290-7/fulltext | No | Intergenerational, Physical Activity, Exercise, Dance, Community Based Participatory Research, Community Engagement | Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate Dance for Health, an intergenerational program to increase access to physical activity in an underserved, high risk urban community. Design and Methods: Dance for Health was developed using community-based participatory research methods and evaluated using an observational study design. The program entailed two hour line dancing sessions delivered by trained dance instructors in the neighborhood recreation center. The weekly sessions were delivered for one month in the spring and one month in the fall from 2012–2016. Nurse practitioner students mentored local high school students to assess outcomes: achievement of target heart rate, Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion, number of pedometer steps during dance session, Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale, and adiposity. Analytic methods included descriptive statistics and mixed effects models. Results: From 2012–2016, 521 participants ranging from 2–79 years attended Dance for Health. Approximately 50% of children and 80% of adults achieved target heart rate. Achievement of target heart rate was not related to perceived exertion, though it was related to pedometer steps in adults. All participants rated the program highly for enjoyment. There was no change in adiposity. Conclusions: Dance for Health demonstrated high levels of community engagement and enjoyment. It led to adequate levels of exertion, particularly for adults. Our evaluation can inform program refinement and future intergenerational physical activity programs. Practice Implications: Dance is an enjoyable, culturally appropriate, low-cost method for increasing access to physical activity for children and families. |
| Fancourt, D., & Finn, S. | Health Evidence Network Synthesis Report 67 What is the evidence on the role of the arts in improving health and well-being? A scoping review | 2.019 | Health Evidence Network | 67 | N/A | 1-146 | N/A | World Health Organization Europe | https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329834/9789289054553-eng.pdf | Yes | Art, Medicine in the Arts, Culture, Arts in Health | Over the past two decades, there has been a major increase in research into the effects of the arts on health and well-being, alongside developments in practice and policy activities in different countries across the WHO European Region and further afield. This report synthesizes the global evidence on the role of the arts in improving health and well-being, with a specific focus on the WHO European Region. Results from over 3000 studies identified a major role for the arts in the prevention of ill health, promotion of health, and management and treatment of illness across the lifespan. The reviewed evidence included study designs such as uncontrolled pilot studies, case studies, small-scale cross-sectional surveys, nationally representative longitudinal cohort studies, community-wide ethnographies and randomized controlled trials from diverse disciplines. The beneficial impact of the arts could be furthered through acknowledging and acting on the growing evidence base; promoting arts engagement at the individual, local and national levels; and supporting cross-sectoral collaboration. |